Agriculture Knowledge

Integrated Disease Management (IDM) Integrated Disease Management IDM is a process of controlling pathogenic activities by different-different tactics.  IDM is specially used when the disease is reached on economic threshold levels. Economic threshold means when loss of money is greater than cost of treatment of crops. IDM promotes bio-agent in the crop ecosystem. IDM diseases are- Buruli ulcer, Chagas disease, Human African trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis and yawn. IDM is the practice used for manage and prevent the crops from disease. Importance of IDM Makes plant health and improves its quality, make them disease free. Promotes bio-agent. Reduce the need of pesticides and fungicides by IDM. Reduce chemical use in plants. Component of Integrated Disease Management- There are many components in IDM but mainly their are four- Host resistance. Biological control. Cultural control Chemical control. Physical Methods. 1. Host resistance- Resistance protects the plant from several pathog...

 Filtration of milk Filtration of milk is done for removing the visible matters from the milk. The purpose of milk filtration is for separating unwanted particles. The process involve in filtration are- Reverse Osmosis. Nano filtration. Ultra filtration. Micro filtration. 1. Reverse Osmosis- The milk passes through the small pores of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane which removes water from the cooled milk. 2. Nano filtration- Nano filtration is a process which is used with water for removal of disinfections in dairy products such as natural organic matter and synthetic organic matter. 3. Ultra filtration- Ultra filtration is used for separating milk according to their molecular size. In ultra filtration of milk some molecules like lactose, soluble mineral and water passes the membrane. Ultra filtration milk is widely used in making dairy products. 4. Micro filtration- Micro filtration is a process in which 0.1% to 10 micron  membrane are used for concentrating, purifying and sep...

Dairy Cooperative- A dairy cooperative is a group of dairy farmers who worked together to gain profit by selling their milk and other dairy product. Dairy cooperative are owned by dairy farmers and are equally controlled by each dairy farmers. Functions of dairy cooperative societies- The main function of dairy cooperative societies are- Make a center for collection and distribution of milk. Provide good cattle feed and collection and distribution of milk. Make a systematic system for collecting and improving milk from local to industrial level. Provide technologies like- artificial insemination (AI), veterinary facilities and good quality seeds for production of green fodder for dairy animals. Make rural people wealthy and profit in their dairy.  Function of Anand Pattern- Anand Pattern (Amul) is a cooperative milk marketing federation. The Anand pattern functioning is that they directly connect with producers and consumers. DCS stand for Distribution Control System. Anand pattern...

                                                      Milk Milk is a liquid food and it is said to be nearly complete food, it secreated from mammary gland of female animals. It is reach in vitamins, proteins, fat and specially in rich source of calcium, phosphorus and  excellent source of vitamin A. Milk is poor source of Iron And Vitamin C. The colour of cow's milk is light yellow because of presence of Carotene. The colour of buffalo milk is white because of Casein. The boiling point of milk is 100.17 0 C. Dairy It a place where milk and milk products like- cheese, butter, ghee, etc are stored. Dairying Dairying is the business for selling dairy products. Concept of Dairying Dairying is the oldest form of economic supporter. In ancient era, goat, sheep, buffalo, cow, etc are the main sources of milk.  Dairying concept starts from ancient tim...

Tractor It is a vehicle generally used in fields and for pulling trailers or many other agricultural equipment. Tractor basically designed to provide high power or high effort at low speed. Tractor Type (a) Two wheel drive tractor- In this tractor the power is only provided at rear (back) wheels and used for general purpose. The front wheel of this type of tractors are smaller in size than rear wheels. (b) Four wheel drive tractor- In this tractor the power is provided at all four wheels (front & rear) and used for high tasks. It can produce 60hp to 300hp depending on their engine size. (c) Row crop tractors- Row crop tractors  or standard row-crop tractor. The wheels (rear & front) are adjustable according to various farm operations. (d) Orchard Tractors- This tractors are specially design for tractors.  orchard tractors are used for plucking fruits from trees and for trimming trees . (e) High clearance tractors- Ground clearance of these tractors are high and used fo...

Farm Machinery & Power Farm power The energy that is utilize in the agricultural field by human, animal and machines and those energy  measure in power. Status of farm power in India The farm power of India is continuously  increasing. The increase in farm power of India is about 0.30 kw/ha in 1960-61 , 2.02 kw/ha in 2013-14 as increasing. Sources of farm power  The farm power sources are as follows- Human power Animal power  Mechanical power Electrical power Renewable ene rgy. Human power- It is the main source of power in agriculture field. Human power is used for watering, threshing, cutting, for protection field planting and many more labour work  The human power generate approx. 0.1hp as in  Animal power- Animal generate approx. 1hp for farm work. Bulls, Donkey, Elephant, etc are some animals that help in agricultural field.  Mechanical power- Mechanical power like tractor, generator, thresher, tillers are helpful for cutting, irrigating, plou...